Understanding Atopic Eczema 3.3: The Role of Prebiotics and Probiotics in Skin Health
- Marcelline Goyen
- Mar 15
- 5 min read
Updated: Mar 16
Eczema is a complex skin condition that affects millions worldwide. Recent research highlights the connection between gut health and skin health, particularly the role of prebiotics and probiotics in managing eczema symptoms. This post explores how eczema prebiotics probiotics can support skin health, reduce inflammation, and improve quality of life for those affected.
In this three-part series on (atopic) eczema, various aspects of (atopic) eczema in relation to the skin-gut axis are discussed: Blog 3.1 deals with eczema and its relationship to gut-related causes. Blog 3.2 deals with eczema in relation to diet, such as dairy, grains, and gluten, and 3.3 deals with eczema and the use of prebiotics, probiotics, and a healthy diet.
Table of Contents
What Is Eczema and Why Gut Health Matters
Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, causes dry, itchy, and inflamed skin. While genetics and environmental factors play a role, recent studies reveal the gut-skin axis as a key player in eczema development and flare-ups. The gut microbiome—the community of bacteria and other microorganisms in the digestive tract—affects immune responses and inflammation throughout the body, including the skin.
When the gut microbiome is imbalanced, it can trigger systemic inflammation, worsening eczema symptoms. This connection explains why improving gut health through diet and supplements may help manage eczema more effectively.
Understanding Prebiotics and Probiotics
To support a healthy gut microbiome, two important components come into play: prebiotics and probiotics.
Prebiotics are non-digestible fibers that feed beneficial gut bacteria. They help these bacteria grow and thrive, improving gut balance. Common prebiotics include inulin, fructooligosaccharides (FOS), and resistant starches found in foods like garlic, onions, and bananas.
Probiotics are live beneficial bacteria that can be consumed through fermented foods or supplements. They add to the diversity of the gut microbiome and help restore balance. Popular probiotic strains include Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species.
Together, prebiotics and probiotics create a supportive environment for gut health, which can influence skin conditions like eczema.
How Prebiotics and Probiotics Influence Eczema
Research shows that eczema prebiotics probiotics can reduce inflammation and improve skin barrier function. Here’s how they work:
Modulating Immune Response: Probiotics help regulate immune cells, reducing the overactive immune response that causes eczema flare-ups.
Strengthening Skin Barrier: A balanced gut microbiome supports the production of molecules that maintain skin hydration and barrier integrity.
Reducing Inflammation: Both prebiotics and probiotics can lower systemic inflammation by promoting anti-inflammatory compounds in the gut.
Balancing Gut Microbiota: Prebiotics feed good bacteria, while probiotics introduce beneficial strains, together restoring microbial balance that influences skin health.
Clinical trials have found that children and adults with eczema who took specific probiotic supplements experienced fewer flare-ups and less severe symptoms. However, results vary depending on the strains used and individual differences.
Best Sources of Prebiotics and Probiotics for Eczema
Including a variety of prebiotic and probiotic foods in your diet can support eczema management naturally.
Note: Prebiotic and probiotic foods can support skin health, but they are not suitable for everyone. People with a cow’s milk allergy or lactose intolerance may experience symptoms from yogurt, kefir, or yogurt-based drinks, and some individuals react strongly to fermented foods such as sauerkraut, kimchi, or kombucha. It’s important to introduce any new food slowly and cautiously, monitor for worsening eczema or other reactions, and seek guidance from a dietitian or healthcare professional before making significant dietary changes.
Prebiotic-Rich Foods
Garlic and onions
Leeks and asparagus
Bananas (especially slightly green)
Chicory root
Jerusalem artichoke
Whole grains like oats and barley
Probiotic-Rich Foods
Yogurt with live cultures *)
Kefir, a fermented milk drink *)
Sauerkraut and kimchi
Miso and tempeh
Pickled vegetables (naturally fermented)
Supplements
If dietary sources are insufficient, probiotic supplements containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG or Bifidobacterium lactis may be beneficial. Prebiotic supplements like inulin powder combined with spyllium vessels can also help but should be introduced gradually to avoid digestive discomfort such as gas and bloating.
Practical Tips for Incorporating Prebiotics and Probiotics
Start Slowly: Introduce prebiotic fibers gradually to avoid bloating or gas.
Diversify Your Diet: Eat a wide range of prebiotic and probiotic foods to support diverse gut bacteria.
Choose Quality Supplements: Look for clinically studied probiotic strains and reputable brands.
Stay Consistent: Regular intake is key to maintaining gut balance and skin benefits.
Monitor Your Skin: Track eczema symptoms to see how dietary changes affect your condition.
Consult Healthcare Providers: Before starting supplements, especially for children or if you have other health conditions.
Stress reduction: Determine whether and which aspects of your life cause stress and try to do something about them. Not only physical stress (overloading your body, such as excessive work, sports, or exercise) can overload your body, your intestines, and your microbiome; mental stress can also overload, such as negative thoughts, insecurity, fears, relationship stress, and even the stress of following a healthy diet.
Note: When there is (chronic) stress, a healthy diet including prebiotics and probiotics may not be sufficient. Seek out people who can (professionally) support you in this.
Common Questions About Eczema and Gut Health
Can prebiotics and probiotics cure eczema?
No, they do not cure eczema but can help reduce symptoms and flare-ups by improving gut and immune health.
Are all probiotics the same for eczema?
No, specific strains like Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG have shown more benefit. Not all probiotics have the same effects.
How long does it take to see results?
Improvements may take weeks to months depending on individual response and consistency.
Can prebiotics cause digestive issues?
Introducing prebiotics too quickly can cause gas or bloating. Start with small amounts and increase gradually.
Is it safe to give probiotics to children with eczema?
Many studies support safety, but always consult a pediatrician before starting supplements.
Final Thoughts and Next Steps
Understanding eczema prebiotics probiotics offers a promising approach to managing eczema by targeting the gut-skin connection. Incorporating prebiotic and probiotic-rich foods, along with thoughtful supplementation, can support a healthier gut microbiome and potentially reduce eczema symptoms.
If you or a loved one struggles with eczema, consider exploring your diet and gut health as part of your skin care strategy. For personalized advice, consult a healthcare professional experienced in gut and skin health.
Explore more about the skin-gut axis and eczema management on Skin-GUT-Axis.com to stay informed and empowered in your journey to healthier skin.
Thank you for reading my blog post. If you'd like to learn more about the skin-gut-microbiome connection and its relationship to skin problems like acne, rosacea, and eczema, check out my book. Now available in Dutch, English, and German!
Marcelline Goyen BSc Skin Therapy and author in the Netherlands
Summary:
This blog post explains the important role of prebiotics and probiotics in managing eczema through the gut-skin axis. It covers how these compounds support gut health, reduce inflammation, and improve skin barrier function. Readers learn practical ways to include prebiotic and probiotic foods and supplements in their routine for better eczema control.
By addressing the gut-skin axis, you can take a more holistic approach to reducing eczema itching and improving your quality of life.
Explore more about skin and gut health at Skin-GUT-Axis.com and consult healthcare professionals for personalized care.
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